Organische Zinnverbindungen, Alkylphenole und Bisphenol A in marinen und limnischen Biota der Umweltprobenbank
Lepper, Peter; Sohn, Holger; Steinhanses, Jürgen; Böhmer, Walter; Wenzel, Andrea
Berlin: Umweltbundesamt, 2001. -176; Texte Nr. 06/2001, UBA-FBNr: 000020, Förderkennzeichen: 297 63 155
Abstract
In the context of this research project analytic methods for the quantitative determination of tinorganic compounds (tributyl tin, TBT; dibutyl tin, DBT, monobutyl tin, MBT; triphenyl tin, TPhT), alkylphenols (4-nonylphenol, 4NP; 4-tert.-octylphenol, 4tOP) and alkylphenol ethoxylates (4-nonylphenol monoethoxylate; 4NP1E0; 4-tert.-octylphenol monoethoxylate, 4tOP1EO) as well as bisphenol A (BPhA) in different biological matrices were adapted and optimised. The methods were documented in form of standard operating procedures (SOP). Following these methods samples from the German federal environmental specimen bank were investigated. Brown algae, (bay) mussels, eel pouts, sea gull eggs from the marine ecological systems of the North Sea and Baltic Sea and zebra mussels and bream muscles from fresh water ecological systems (Elbe, Mulde, Saale, Rhine, Saar, Bornhöveder lake district) of different years were analysed.
Tin-organic compounds: TBT and TPhT were detected as major contaminants (max. 385 and 86 microgram Sn/kg of matrix, respectively). The maximum values for DBT and MBT were 14 and 9 microgram Sn/kg, respectively. The highest values detected for DPhT were 13 microgram Sn/kg. The most highly loaded samples were bream muscles and zebra mussels from the river Elbe.
Alkylphenols: The contents of 4NP and 4NP1EO mostly were in both, the marine and the fresh water, ecological systems above the contents of 4tOP and 4tOP1EO. In the marine samples the mussels were higher loaded than the other matrices. The contents in the samples from fresh water ecological systems were clearly higher than those of the samples from the marine ecological systems. The highest concentration for 4NP1EO with 324 microgram/kg fresh weight was measured in bream muscles from the Saar near Güdingen.
Bisphenol A: The content of BPhA in the examined samples generally was low. The analyses resulted in concentrations of 1-2.5 microgram BPhA/kg in zebra mussel; only in zebra mussels from the river Saar near Rehlingen a higher value of approx. 5 microgram/kg was detected. The BPhA concentration in bream muscles was always below the limit of determination (LOD). The lowest content of BPhA in marine samples was found for mussels (concentration less than LOD); in the brown algae approx. 1-2 microgram BPhA/kg were detected. The concentrations in seagull eggs and eel pout muscles were approx. 2.5 microgram/kg.