Students
Blood sampling in a mobile Lab
Photo: Fraunhofer IBMT
Photo: Fraunhofer IBMT
Student groups with an even number of female and male students at the age of 20 to 29.
The students come usually from different regions in Germany to the universities and are selected for non-specific exposure. With individuals and groups moving home frequently in a mobile society, it is assumed that almost the entire country is represented.
At each of the four sampling places about 100 students donate blood and a 24h-urine sample every year. Until 2004 they provided additionally saliva, scalp hair, and pubic hair. The anamnesis data and habits are collected in a standardised questionnaire.
Search data
Target organs/Matrices
-
Ideal matrix for most chemicals because it is in contact with the whole organism and in equilibrium with the organs and tissues in that chemicals are being accumulated
-
Ideal matrix for most chemicals because it is in contact with the whole organism and in equilibrium with the organs and tissues in those chemicals are being accumulated.
-
Particularly suitable matrix for human biomonitoring because chemicals and/or their metabolites excreted with urine have been in direct contact with the organism. Therefore, measurements in urine can give valid information regarding the internal human body burden.
-
Via element analysis in saliva release of alloy components of dental (prothesis) materials can be assessed.
-
Ideal matrix for the detection of internal exposure to methylmercury.
-
Ideal matrix for the detection of internal exposure to methylmercury.
Sampling area
-
4 university cities as sampling areas.
Analytes
-
Eighty percent of all elements on earth are metals
-
Only eighteen elements in the periodic table
-
Group of organic compounds with at least one covalently bonded chlorine atom
-
Group of organic compounds with at least three condensed six-membered rings
-
General-purpose plasticizers for PVC and other polymers
-
Commercially important precursor of polymers like polycarbonates and epoxy resins
-
Chemical agents against harmful organisms and for plant protection
-
Organic compounds which are fully (per-) or partially (poly-) fluorinated
-
Class of non-ionic surfactants and their degradation products
-
Flame retardants reduce the flammability of objects
-
Preservatives in food and cosmetics
-
Proctection for humans and products
-
Fragrances are used in many different products
-
Additional information for the interpretation of contamination data
Sampling period
1981 - 2021