Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene
![Structure of indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene](/upb_static/paperclip/images/10095/huge.png?1590672398)
Identifier: CID 9131
URL: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/9131#section=2D-Structure
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with five six-membered rings and one five-membered ring
Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene occurs in fossil fuels and is a product of incomplete combustion. It has been detected in soils, groundwater and surface waters near hazardous waste sites, in tobacco smoke, exhausts from gasoline engines and coal ovens, lubricating oils and used motor oils.
Its volatility is low. In the atmosphere it is adsorbed to particles and may enter soils and waters through wet and deposition.
Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene is persistent in the environment and has a high potential for bioaccumulation.
In animal experiments it is carcinogenic and mutagenic and is suspected to be carcinogenic also to humans.
Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene is one of 16 PAHs which were included in the U.S. EPA-list of Priority Pollutants and is on the EU-list of PAH recommended for monitoring.
Recommended analysis examples
Specimen
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Common mussel species as invasive animal in rivers and lakes with high information level for water pollution
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Fine insoluble mineral or organic particles in the water phase
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One of the most important edible mussel species common in the North and Baltic Sea
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A major primary producer in semi-natural and anthropogenic affected ecosystems.
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A major primary producer in semi-natural and anthropogenic affected ecosystems.
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A deciduous tree typical of ecosystems close to dense conurbations and an indicator for the characterisation of the immission situation during the vegetation period.
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As the most dominant deciduous tree species in Central Europe, it plays a significant role in most nearly natural and also anthropogenically influenced forest ecosystems up to an altitude of 1100 m.
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As an organism living at ground level, it is a major driver of the decomposition of organic material (e.g. plant litter).
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As an organism living at ground level, it is a major driver of the decomposition of organic material (e.g. plant litter).
Sampling area
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The only high mountains national park in Germany and an area of the Limestone Alps with international relevance
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Important, old-industrialised conurbation in Germany.
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Main water divide between the North- and Baltic Sea
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Longest river in Germany
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Germany's first national park
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National Park in the largest brackish water (Bodden) habitat of the world.
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National park in the world largest connected sand and mud flats.
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Fourth largest river basin in Central Europe
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Region in the chemical triangle of Central Germany
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Germany's largest forest national park
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Second highest and largest low mountain range in Northern Germany
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Germany's largest connected forest area in a range of low mountains
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The Upper Bavarian Tertiary Uplands are a part of the Southern German Molasse Basin
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Second largest river in Europe
Sampling period
1985 - 2023