Phenanthrene
Identifier: CID 995
URL: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/995#section=2D-Structure
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with three connected six-membered rings
Phenanthrene is a rather common PAH. It occurs naturally in fossil fuels and is a product of incomplete combustion. Furthermore, it is found naturally as Ravatite, a rare mineral.
The primary emission sources of phenanthrene are the combustion of fossil fuels, traffic and exhausts from industry. It can be detected, e.g. in tobacco smoke, smoked, charbroiled and contaminated foods and drinking water.
For industrial purposes phenanthrene is derived from coal tar. It is used in the production of dyes, drugs, pesticides and explosives.
Phenanthrene is relatively persistent in the environment. It is toxic to aquatic organisms. Furthermore, it is bioaccumulated.
Phenanthrene is one of 16 PAHs which were included in the list of Priority Pollutants by the U.S. EPA (EPA-list).
Recommended analysis examples
Search data
Specimen
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Common mussel species as invasive animal in rivers and lakes with high information level for water pollution
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Fine insoluble mineral or organic particles in the water phase
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One of the most important edible mussel species common in the North and Baltic Sea
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A major primary producer in semi-natural and anthropogenic affected ecosystems.
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A major primary producer in semi-natural and anthropogenic affected ecosystems.
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A deciduous tree typical of ecosystems close to dense conurbations and an indicator for the characterisation of the immission situation during the vegetation period.
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As the most dominant deciduous tree species in Central Europe, it plays a significant role in most nearly natural and also anthropogenically influenced forest ecosystems up to an altitude of 1100 m.
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As an organism living at ground level, it is a major driver of the decomposition of organic material (e.g. plant litter).
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As an organism living at ground level, it is a major driver of the decomposition of organic material (e.g. plant litter).
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Soil is livelihood and biosphere for humans, animals, plants and soil organisms. All the substances brought in are transported, transformed and/or accumulated in the soil.
Sampling area
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The only high mountains national park in Germany and an area of the Limestone Alps with international relevance
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Important, old-industrialised conurbation in Germany.
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Main water divide between the North- and Baltic Sea
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Longest river in Germany
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Germany's first national park
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National Park in the largest brackish water (Bodden) habitat of the world.
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National park in the world largest connected sand and mud flats.
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Fourth largest river basin in Central Europe
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Region in the chemical triangle of Central Germany
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Germany's largest forest national park
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Second highest and largest low mountain range in Northern Germany
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Germany's largest connected forest area in a range of low mountains
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The Upper Bavarian Tertiary Uplands are a part of the Southern German Molasse Basin
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Second largest river in Europe
Sampling period
1985 - 2023