Perfluoropentanoic acid
PFPA; formula: C5H2F8O2; CAS Registry Number: 2706-90-3
Fluorocarbon with 5 C-atoms
Specimen
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  Common mussel species as invasive animal in rivers and lakes with high information level for water pollution
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  Bioindicator in rivers and lakes
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  Fine insoluble mineral or organic particles in the water phase
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  Common brown alga of the coastal areas of the North and Baltic Sea
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  One of the most important edible mussel species common in the North and Baltic Sea
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  As the only viviparous fish in German nearshore waters, it is a bioindicator in nearshore coastal marine ecosystems.
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  Inshore, the herring gull mainly feeds from the sea: upon fish, mussels, and crabs.
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  A major primary producer in semi-natural and anthropogenic affected ecosystems.
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  A major primary producer in semi-natural and anthropogenic affected ecosystems.
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  A deciduous tree typical of ecosystems close to dense conurbations and an indicator for the characterisation of the immission situation during the vegetation period.
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  As the most dominant deciduous tree species in Central Europe, it plays a significant role in most nearly natural and also anthropogenically influenced forest ecosystems up to an altitude of 1100 m.
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  The roe deer is the most common of the larger herbivores (first order-consumer) to be found in the wild in Europe.
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  As an organism living at ground level, it is a major driver of the decomposition of organic material (e.g. plant litter).
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  As an organism living at ground level, it is a major driver of the decomposition of organic material (e.g. plant litter).
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  Soil is livelihood and biosphere for humans, animals, plants and soil organisms. All the substances brought in are transported, transformed and/or accumulated in the soil.
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  Student groups with an even number of female and male students at the age of 20 to 29.
Sampling area
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  The only high mountains national park in Germany and an area of the Limestone Alps with international relevance
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  Important, old-industrialised conurbation in Germany.
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  Main water divide between the North- and Baltic Sea
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  Longest river in Germany
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  Germany's first national park
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  National Park in the largest brackish water (Bodden) habitat of the world.
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  National park in the world largest connected sand and mud flats.
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  Fourth largest river basin in Central Europe
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  Region in the chemical triangle of Central Germany
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  Germany's largest forest national park
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  Second highest and largest low mountain range in Northern Germany
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  Germany's largest connected forest area in a range of low mountains
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  The Upper Bavarian Tertiary Uplands are a part of the Southern German Molasse Basin
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  Second largest river in Europe
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  4 university cities as sampling areas.
Sampling period
1982 - 2022